AES is a symmetric encryption algorithm widely used for securing sensitive data.

• Uses CBC mode with random IV for added security
• Supports key sizes of 128, 192, or 256 bits
• Considered highly secure and is used by governments and organizations worldwide

DES is an older symmetric encryption algorithm.

• Uses CBC mode with random IV
• Fixed key size of 56 bits (8 bytes)
• Note: DES is considered less secure by modern standards but included for educational purposes

RSA is an asymmetric encryption algorithm using public and private keys.

• Uses 2048-bit key length for strong security
• Implements PKCS#1 OAEP padding for secure encryption
• Public key can be shared openly, private key must be kept secret
• Note: RSA has message size limitations based on key size